Jar, War, Resource Bundle

JAR:
Java Archive, a set of Java classes and their accessories

WAR:
Web Application Archive, is a jar file used to distribute a collection of  JavaSererPage, Javea Servlets, Java classes, XML files, tag libraries, static web pages (HTML and related files) and other resources that together constitute a web application.

EAR: 
Enterprise Archive, a file format used by Java EE for packaging one or more modules into a single archive

Java resource Bundle: A resource bundle is a Java .properties file that contains locale-specific data. It is a way of internationalising a Java application by making the code locale-independent.

Use hash based collections

Frequently we want to use self-defined object in HashMap, HashSet, or HashTable. However, if we did not override hashCode() and equals(), these collections will not perform the way we want.

Take HashMap containsKey() for example, it need to

1. get the key object's hash code and locate the place where objects with this hashCode is stored
2. compare with all the objects hold in that locality, figure out wether an equal objects exists

That's why we need hashCode and equals. If we do not override hashCode() and equals(), the one of Object will be called by default, where equals() only returns true when they reference to the same object. For most of the cases, this is not what we actually want.

If equals is overrided, hashCode also need to be overrided such that two equal objects will have the same hash code.

A.equals(B) => A.hashCode() == B.hashCode();

@Override

public int hashCode(){

}

@Override

public boolean equals(Object obj){

}